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1971-1974
Primary Education St John's Institution, Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)
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1975-1978 Primary Education La Salle Institution, Kota Kinabalu, SabahEast
(Malaysia)
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1979-1982 Secondary Education St John's Institution, Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia)
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1983-1985 (Advance Level Certificate A-Levels): Political Science (A)Economics
(A)Literature (B) Davies Secondary College,Brighton, Sussex (United Kingdom)
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1986-1989
Bacherlors of Arts, Philosophy and Literature University of Sussex, Falmer,
Sussex (United Kingdom)
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1989-1990 Masters of Arts, Philosophy University of Sussex, Falmer,Sussex
(United Kingdom)
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1990-1991 Masters of Arts, Area Studies, Politics of Southeast Asia School
of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London (United Kingdom)
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1993-1997 Doctorate of Philosophy, Political Science Department of Government,
University of Essex, Colchester (United Kingdom)